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Modern engines are designed for friction reductions plus precision tight clearances to yield greater efficiency and more power. Most engine wear occurs at start-up, which is at low temperature, so it's critical that engine parts receive proper lubrication as soon as possible--hence the need for a thinner viscosity. But a sustained high-speed operation, like on the local mountain highways, demands high viscosity to maintain proper lubrication. Unlike conventional mineral oils that are produced by distillation and further refining of existing crude oil stock, synthetic lubricants are made through chemical reactions. These new oils still have the same natural ingredients found in "real" oil, but they are recombined like a Lego set to yield synthesized hydrocarbon molecular chains with desirable characteristics and uniformity not found in even the highest-quality conventional motor oils. Because synthetic oil's molecules are much more consistent in size and shape, they are better able to withstand extreme engine temperatures. By contrast, the unstable molecules in conventional oil can easily vaporize or oxidize in extreme heat. Full-synthetic oil is capable of protecting engines at well over 400 degrees Fahrenheit. Because full-synthetic oil is chemically produced, there are no contaminants in it. By contrast, conventional oils contain small amounts of sulfur, wax, and asphaltic materials that can promote detonation as well as varnish and sludge build-up. With no wax, synthetics will flow at much lower temperatures than conventional oils. There are 5W-30 conventional and synthetic oils, but even here, the synthetic has a real-world advantage: 5W-30 will pump at -58-degrees Fahrenheit, compared to about -35-degrees Fahrenheit for conventional oil. Your car’s manufacturer is always the best source for the oil specification as they designed the engine. However, typically, there is a disclaimer such as “under normal operating conditions”. You may choose to upgrade the oil service to prolong the life of your vehicle if you are usually operating your vehicle under the following conditions:

• Extreme Low Temperatures
• Heavy Loads
• Towing a Trailer
• Frequent Starts and Short Trips
• High-Speed Mountainous Driving